Definition of Shipping Agency

Shipping agency is a legal relationship which happens between two agreed parties to make an agreement, by which either party named ( agent ) agree to represent other parties called ( principal owner ) on condition that owner still had the right to monitor his agent regarding authority which entrusted to him. 

Shipping Agecy prepare to clerence

A .Understanding shipping agents 

when a vessel anchored in a port, therefore that vessel would need service and have a variety of needs to be covered. To accomplishing various need, a shipping company which not had branches in destination port appoint other shipping company as an agent at the destination port. outlined there are 3 kinds of  agent: general agent, sub-agent  and branch agent 

1 .A general agent is a national shipping company appointed by foreign shipping companies to serve his vessels for sail and berthing / unberthing in destination port.

  Terms as general agent: 

A. Shipping company which owns a ship sized at least 5,000 GRT as cumulatively. 

B. have proof of general agency agreement ( agency agreement ) or general agency letters ( letter of appointment ) 

2 .Subagent 

A subagent is a shipping company which appointed by general agent to serve the needs of a vessel in a port.Serves as the representative of general agent Example: Djakarta Lloyd as General Agent Maersk Sea Line appoint Meratus Line as Sub Agent in Banjarmasin.

3 .Branch agent

Branch agent is a branch of the general agents in a specific port. 

Example: Meratus line that has been designated Mocean Shipping as general agent, Mocean Shipping ordered Branches in Indonesia to serve ocean shipping vessels needs which visited Indonesia port. 

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What is barge and various kinds

Barge or pontoons have flat hull or shaped a large box that floats, construction a barge without a shipboard system in general. A barge used for transporting cargo and drawn by tugs or used to accommodate shatt which dependent current the tides like a river and shallow port.

A barge not having a machine ( unpropelled ) that it must be drawn by tugs. Tug boat and barge inseparable. It can be said Inseparable because, without barge, tugboat can not carry much cargo. But because a barge unpropelled so tug boat role as barge motors. In the process berthing / unberthing a barge need help at least 1 tug boat additional, because in manufacturing a barge different from ships in general. 

Loading barge process can be done in 2 ways: 
1. With using conveyor.
2. With use truck through ram door

1. Loading Conveyor
loading process starts from stockpile cargo loaded using conveyor from above a barge. Altitude conveyor must above the height of a barge to cargo be loaded maximum. Loading with this method have requirements quantity cargo conveyor must be stable and supplies stockpile must charge enough, so that the stability of barge and cargo can reach.

Loading barge with conveyor

2 . Truck trailer loading 
with a trailer truck can be done by loaded the cargo with a truck. Through front or side of a barge in ram door. This process also requires bulldozer for stowage cargo and maximize space in a barge.
A barge has a size ranging from 180ft up with the 330ft.That there is between size 230ft, 270ft, and 300ft. Each the size having a maximum capacity of carrying capacity and all also depends on loaded goods to be.

I. 180 feet barge 
a barge with this capacity is the most common small provided by the barge.A barge 180 feet is able to haul up 2000 mt ( Depends on condition and types of cargo ).

II. 230 feet barge 
This barge is included medium-small sized and able to haul up with 4000 mt ( Depends on condition and types of cargo  ). 

III. 270 feet barge
This barge is able to haul up 6000 mt ( Depends on condition and types of cargo  ).

IV. 300 feet barge
This barge has size biggest, and this barge is widely used to carry weight and a great volume of cargo. This variety is able to haul up with 8000 mt (Depends on condition and types of cargo ).

*Note :
-180 ft Barge = Capacity 2000 MT
-200 ft Barge = Capacity 2500 MT
-230 ft Barge = Capacity 3000 MT
-250 ft Barge = Capacity 3500 MT
-270 ft Barge = Capacity 5000 MT
-270 ft jumbo Barge = Capacity 7000 MT
-300 ft banci Barge = Capacity 7000 MT
-300 ft Barge = Capacity 8000 MT
-330 ft Barge = Capacity 9000 ton
-330ft jumbo Barge = Capacity 11.000 MT

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History of classification society - Ship Classifications and Certification

classification society

The ship classifications is activity aimed at classifying ship into the certain classes. A ship that already has classifications, required to continue to implement required survey to maintain class status. The types of the periodic survey are class renewal, annual survey, intermediate survey and docking/bottom survey. In addition survey are propeller shaft survey, boiler, machinery and other specialized surveys in accordance with classification society regulations. classification society will issue survey status and informed to the ship owner. A classification society is a non-governmental organization that established and maintains technical standards for the construction and operation ships and offshore structures. 

Ship classification conducted based on the understanding that a ship loaded, operated and treated with the right way by a competent and certificated crew.The ship owner liable to ensure that vessel maintenance carried in a right manner until next periodic survey in accordance with requirements. The ship owner or their representatives also obliged to inform class surveyors when conducting a survey on ships,  All events and condition which affect against class status. 

History of classification society 

History classification society started around in 1760, of a coffee shop owned by Edward Lloyd in London, at the time a coffee shop are mostly gathered people whose business relate to shipping services, sailors, ship owner until to the insurance.  Until eventually arising the idea of Edward Lloyd to do recording ( registration ) against ships owner which often retired in his coffee shop.And from a list of the ship is finally a list of the ship was formed Lloyd's Register of Shipping ( LRS ) in 1760.

Firstly ships classified as class A, B, C  and D in accordance with a condition on board based on with surveyor assessment which most of whom are the former ship captain. Eventually published first LRS rule, this rule is used as standard technically for ship classification and continued research and development in accordance with technology and development of shipping sector. 

Now in this time has been also published also LRS rule for war ships. And LRS continue to grow up to now with various diversified technical inspection is not limited to the ship, but also facilities buoyant as FPSO ( Floating Production Storage and Offloading units ), FSO ( Floating Storage and Offloading units ), MODU ( Mobile Offshore Drilling Units ), platform and railway transportation, power generation and other industry then some classification society establish stand in another country like Bureau Veritas ( BV ) France  in 1826, Det Norske Veritas ( DNV ) Norway in 1864 , Germanischer Lloyd ( GLLO )1867 in Germany, as well as several countries outside Europe such as japan with the establishment of Nippon kaiji kyokai ( class NK ) in 1899 and in the United States standing American bureau of shipping ( abs ) in 1862 .At the time it has been much-standing classification society in various countries who work primarily for flagged vessels or owned local owners.

Some of the classification society associated forming an International association called IACS ( International Association Classification Society ) that is one technically committee members of IMO. A member of IACS at this point is:

Lloyd' s Register of Shipping ( LRS ) stand 1760 London, England

Bureau Veritas ( BV ) stand 1828 in Paris, France

Registro Italiano Navale ( RINA ) stand 1861 in Genoa, Italy

American bureau of shipping ( ABS ) stand 1862 in Houston, United State

Det Norske Veritas ( DNV ) stand 1864 in Oslo , Norway 

Germanischer Lloyd ( GL ) stand 1867 in Hamburg, Germany 

Nippon Kaiji Kyokai ( NKK ) stand 1899 in Tokyo, Japan

Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (Российский морской регистр судоходства ) stand 1913 in st Petersburg , Russia

China Classification Society ( CCS ) stand 1956 in Beijing, China

Korean Register of Shipping ( KR ) stand in Daejeon 1960 , south Korea

classification society  IACS members have a standard system procedure in basic pattern  things as   surveyors training, a ethics code and do so many things especially as regards operating procedure . To ensure system areapplied consistently  by each members and IACS conduct audits at least once every year for every members. 

Besides that more classification society in other countries off IACS organization, among other:

Hellenic Register of Shipping (HRS) stand in 1919 Pireus, Greek

Indian Register of shipping * ( IRS ) stand 1975 in Mumbai, India 

Polish Register of Shipping (PRS) stand in 1936 di Gdańsk, Poland

Croatian Register of Shipping (CRS) stand in 1949 di Split, Croatia

Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia (BKI) stand in 1964 di Jakarta, Indonesia

Registro Internacional Naval (RINAVE) stand in 1973 di Paris, Perancis

Brazilian Register of Shipping (RBNA) stand in 1982 di Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

International Register of Shipping (IROS) in 1993 di Miami, Amerika Serikat

Iranian Classification Society (ICS) in 2007 di Tehran, Iran

Note: * associated member of IACS

classification society could be volunteered become members IACS, and then if audit results IACS said that classification society can be applied a the period during which classification society can be a member of temporarily before declared as permanent members. if a classification society which member of IACS found do unaccordance with the procedures IACS it can be applied sanctions that classification society is excluded from IACS member, of course, there is certain procedures and measurement of a degree of deviation specific that has been regulated internal IACS.

Statutory 

Basically, the class is a very simple based on three main elements, applied for newbuilt phase and operational phase. - assigning standards (regulation classifications ) 

-  According to the standard verification ( approval specifications and picture, surveys, and testing ) 

- document according to the standard survey ( report, certificates classifications ) classification society issue regulation with requirements for classifying and maintain the ship. Criteria application to rules classifications in some part arranged in part A to F in classification and regulations. 

Part a: classification and survey apply to all kinds of vessels 

part b: Hull and stability a ship 

part c: system machinery 

part d: material and welding 

part e: notation service Naraku for sailing a ship.It was needed application more appropriate to define each chapter of the regulation 

part f: additional notation class for a specific request or to all ships.

In calcified process started from Understanding regulation class classifications includes regulation, additional guidance and another document necessary of a ship.Then continued with pictures ratification process and calculation. If compliant calcified, will be published certificates for it.  

Then in accordance with the provisions of classification, the ship periodically must be conduct inspection for purpose class holding. Classifications document is a document that cannot be changed or inviolable by parties or organization and classification society nor responsible for products, design or work other parties although some also relating to classification.

Some the schedule applied to survey each ship based on the time and the type of survey.

- Annual survey: a survey that performed annually and expired date when certificates issued.

- Intermediate survey: a survey that should be done every 2.5 years among class renewal survey of a ship.

- class renewal survey: class renewal survey every 5 years coincide with the end of the validity period for a shipping certificate.

- bottom survey: survey lower part of water line of a ship hull which conduct when dock every 2.5 years.

- tail shaft  survey: a shaft propeller survey by depriving the shaft propeller conducted every 5 to 10 years

- boiler survey: boiler survey by opening and release all components boiler

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History and Applications of Plimsoll Mark

Samuel Plimsoll (1824-1898) Is a member of British parliament who concerned with the loss of a ship and crews because of cargo overloading on the ship. In 1876, he proposed to parliament to approve ship unseaworthy bill, their mark the side of a ship by lines are gone beneath the surface of the water when a ship excess cargo overloading. This line, also known as a sign of plimsoll, found in midship until now plimsoll mark had a still used by all ships worldwide.

Samuel plimsoll born in bristol and migrates to Whiteley wood hall, Sheffield, also spent his childhood in Penrith, Cumberland.Left school at an early age, he became employees in rawson brewery, and rise become a manager. In 1853 he attempted to be a coal trader in London. He failed and reduced to destitution. He reveals how to time he lived in a common to seven shilling and two pence a week. Through this experience, he learned to sympathize with struggle the poor, and when good fortune back, he decided to devote time to improving their poverty.

Deck-line:

Before we have set plimsoll mark, the first thing we should be doing is determined of deck-line at the bilge. Deck-line is a flat line where near sides to the top of the freeboard deck, and the location in the ship measuring 300 mm length and breadth 25 mm. Deck-line must paint contrasted with hull color. Painted black when the hull is white or bright colors. Painted white or yellow, if color hull paint dark. Plimsoll mark painted below the line deck.The distance between the top deck-line, from two types of deck = 540 mm in front of the center of a circle fathom load-line, marking the laden for a to be at sea or any particular zone.  Deck-line is shown here only for illustration. Usually distance between the deck and the plimsoll larger than is shown here. The distance between deck-line and sign by which ships are loaded is the freeboard. A sign necessary permanently located in the middle part of a ship on either hull side and painted contrasting color with hull color.

Plimsoll Mark

Plimsoll mark is a sign in the bilge to limit maximum draft a ship for security and safety of the ship in accordance with region and season where a ship was sailing. It will ensure ship still had enough spare buoyancy. For safety, the ship not allowed to exceed load capacity must appropriate load lines fit on plimsoll mark. Plimsoll mark also used as a reference to calculation draft survey.

Plimsoll Mark and Deck Line

LTF – Lumber, Tropical Fresh – This is vessel draft for the load when carrying timber in the zone appointed tropical fresh.

LF – Lumber, Fresh – This is vessel draft used to contain when carry timber in the zone appointed fresh.

LT – Lumber, Tropical – This is vessel draft used to contain when carry timber in the zone appointed tropical.

LS – Lumber, Summer – This is the vessel draft used to contain when carrying the in zone appointed summer. 

LW – Lumber, Winter – This is the vessel draft used to contain when carry the in zone appointed winter. 

LWNA – Lumber, Winter, North Atlantic – This is vessel draft used to contain when carrying timber in winter zone north Atlantic appointed.

TF – Tropical, Fresh – This Is vessel draft used to contain if not carry timber in the zone appointed tropical fresh.

F – Fresh – .This is vessel draft used to contain if not carry timber in the zone appointed fresh.

T – Tropical – This is vessel draft used to contain if not carry timber in the zone appointed tropical.

S – Summer – This is vessel draft used to contain if not carry timber in the zone appointed summer.

W – Winter – This is vessel draft used to contain if not carry timber in the zone appointed winter.

WNA – Winter, North Atlantic – This is vessel draft used to contain if not carry timber in winter north Atlantic appointed zone.

LR – Lloyds Register – The initials of classifications institution which give a sign. Other initials possible is BV - Bureau veritas, GL- german Fischer Lloyd, AB- American bureau of delivery etc. This sign used in relation with the load line charts, clearly showing an appointed area and date that apply to these zones. A vessel loading in the summer zone to a port in another zone with more high the requirements for freeboard, for example, load to summer sign region. Provided that ship has relieved enough because consumption fuel and water by time zones reached that he in docility. All ships must, besides  Having load line permanently marked on both sides of the hull, complemented certificates load line, issued by the classification society, this certificate determines the distance and the concept of necessary to certain vessels. 

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Draft Survey in General

Draft survey is a calculation of cargo based on measurement of ship draft or laden before and after loading / discharge by taking weight calculate of goods in a ship. With comparing weight change of cargo may occur during operation loading / discharge, such as change in the water ballast, fuel, supplies etc.

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